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雅思长难句解析 | 各类并列结构(句子介短分词)(2)

作者: 2023-01-16 16:03 来源:哈尔滨编辑
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 长难句一直是同学们比较头疼的问题,今天小编继续带大家分析长难句,大家知道分析方法以后,再遇到长难句就不用怕啦~

  例句1

  During their heyday, they were places of gathering, of leisure and relaxation and of worship for villagers of all but the lowest classes. (剑 10 Test 1 Passage 1)

  1)结构分析

  层次一:

  主句: they were places

  修饰①:of gathering.....classes【介词短语做后置定语,修饰places】

  修饰②:during their heyday 【介词短语做状语,修饰整个主句】

  层次二:

  介短①内部:

  主体:of gathering, of leisure...and of worship...classes (三个of并列)

  of ②:of leisure and relaxation (of后两个名词并列)

  of ③:1)for ........classes (介词短语修饰worship)

  2)of all......classes (介词短语修饰 villagers)

  结构总结: 介短状语+主句+ 3个介短定语并列【嵌套介短定语】

  2)译文分析:红体字代表主干,括号代表修饰

  【在鼎盛时期】,它们是用于以下作用的场所:【集会】【休闲娱乐】【(除最 低阶层以外的村民的)祭祀】

  3)重点词汇:

  heyday: 鼎盛时期(at its height)

  gathering:聚会 集会(aggregate assemble)

  worship:①崇拜(admire) money worship(拜金) ;②敬神/祭祀

  all but:除了....之外的所有;绝不;几乎 差一点

  classes:阶级 阶层(hierarchy stratification 等级/分级制度)

  例句2

  However, some important sites in Gujarat have recently undergone major restoration, and the state government announced in June last year that it plans to restore the stepwells throughout the state. (剑 10 Test 1 Passage 1)

  1)结构分析

  层次一:

  主句:some important sites...... restoration (主句①) and the state government....... state (主句②)【and并列两句子】

  层次二:

  主句②内部:主体:the state government announced that it plans to restore the stepwells(that引导的宾从, 解释 announced的内容)

  修饰①:in June last year(介词短语,修饰announced)

  修饰②:throughout the state(介词短语,修饰stepwells)

  结构总结:主句① + and + 主句②【嵌套宾从+介短定状】

  2)译文分析:红体字代表主干,括号代表修饰

  (不过,)(古吉拉特邦的)一些重要遗址最近已经进行了大量修复, 并且,邦政府(在去年 6 月)宣布:它计划将在全州范围内进行梯井修复。

  3)重点词汇:

  undergo:经历(go through)

  restoration(restore):恢复 修复

  announce:宣称 宣布

  例句3

  This objective, agreed by the Gothenburg European Council, has to be achieved by integrating environmental considerations into Community policies, and shifting the balance between modes of transport lies at the heart of its strategy. (剑 10 Test 1 Passage 2)

  1)结构分析:

  层次一:

  主句:this objective.... has to be achieved by....,(主句①) and shifting..... lies at....strategy( 主句②)【and并列两句子】

  层次二:

  主句①内部: 主体:this objective has to be achieved

  修饰①:, agreed by the G E C , (两个逗号做插入语,修饰 objective)

  修饰②:by integrating .........policies(介短做状语,修饰achieved,表示方式)

  主句②内部: 主体:shifting balance lies at the heart of its strategy

  修饰:between.......transport(介词短语做后置定语,修饰balance)

  结构总结: 主句①【嵌套插入+介短状语】 + and + 主句②【嵌套介短定语】

  易错点:本句很可能误以为 shifting和integrating并列,都表示achieved的两个方式.但是,如果shifting与integrating并列,整个部分是个状语的话,那么lies at这个谓语动词的形式就无法解释了,后面的lies at(谓语不是非谓语)就代表and后是完整句子,而shifting是and后这个完整句子的主语(动名词做主语)

  2)译文分析:红体字代表主干,括号代表修饰

  (由GEC同意的)这一目标可以通过(在制定公共政策时考虑环境因素)来实现,而且,其策略核心在于改变(运输模式之间的)平衡。

  3)重点词汇:

  objective:目标(goal aim target orientation ambition)

  integrate A into B:将A与B结合

  shift:改变

  balance:平衡

  the heart of strategy:战略核心

  lie at:在于(是)

  mode:模式(pattern)

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