If you can neither receive nor bestow benefit,you had better leave that company at once. 一句译成“如果你既不能得到好处,也不能给与好处,你最好马上离开那家公司。”不知对否?又请将 company 的含义及用法举例说明。 质问中的英文句子应译作“如果你交的朋友对你无益,你也不能对他有所帮助,你就得马上离开他。”因为句中的 company 一字,意为交友而误为公司,所以因一字之差而全文皆错。
英文的 company 有下列九种用法:一群人(a group of people),例如: A great company came to the exhibition. (许多人来看展览会。) 为某种目的而集合的人(a number of people combined,esp. one with a common purpose),例如: The company are now enjoying a feast. (会众正在宴会中。) 同伴,陪伴(companionship),例如: He kept me company. (他陪伴了我。)交友(companions)例如: A man is known by the company he keeps. (看他所交的朋友。就可知道一个人的好坏。近朱者赤。近墨者黑。) His father asked him to avoid bad company. (他父亲要他别交损友。) 宾客,来宾(a number of invited guests),例如: We are expecting company next week. (下星期我们要请客。) We have company today. (我们今日请客。) 公司,行号(a business organization),例如: Wy organized a publishing company. (我们组织一家出版公司。) 陆军中的)连(the part of an army commanded by a captain),例如: This company commanded the passage to the for-tress. (这连军队控制住通往要塞的路。)全体船员(a ship’s crew),例如: The ship’s company assembled on deck for inspection. (全体船员在甲板上集合,以备检阅。) 戏班(a party of actors playing together),例如: The play was staged by a theatrical company. (那出戏由一个戏班子演出。) 中国请帖上说的“敬备菲酌,恭候光临”,英译时也用得著 company 一字,即——request the pleasure of your company at dinner 或——request the honour of——’s company at dinner 或简单地说——request the company of——at dinner. Company 在用作“宾客”解时,前面不加冠词,不问来客有多人,也不能用复数的 companies,只能说: We have company at dinner. (请客吃饭。) He alwnys has company on Saturday evenings. (他礼拜六晚上总要请客。) 作“公司”解的 company 的用法,也有须要注意的地方。把 company 看作单数或复数都可以,如: The cinema company is(或 are)holding its(或 their)annual meeting. (电影公司正在召开年会。) 在 company(普通略作 Co.)的前面,&的有无随便,如 Smith 和另外的一些人合资经营一种商业,普通叫做 Smith & Co.,但也可以叫做 The Smith Company 凡有&的,前面不可加 the(不可说 The Smith & Co.)如没有&,则前面用 the 或不用 the 皆可。没有姓的公司名,决不可以用&,即不可以说 The Cinema & Co,只能说 The Cinema Company.
至于 The Smith & Jones Company 是可以的,因为&并不在 company 字前,而是用来联结两个人名的。 单独一个公司不可说成复数,但几个公司则是要用复数的,如:the“Big Three”vehicle producing companies(三大汽车制造公司),affiliated compsnies(有密切联系的诸公司。)